The church, founded by the Piarists, was built in 1833 in the classicist style. It was consecrated in 1836. Next to it stands the pre-existing monastery of the Piarist monks. The tower of the building is two-storeyed, yet it remains the lowest church in the castle quarter.

The main altarpiece, dedicated to the patron saint, depicting Saint Emeric, as well as the altarpieces and paintings in the interior, were created by the younger Ferenc Bucher.

The building has not been in regular liturgical use for a long time. Until the renovations began in 2021, it housed various temporary exhibitions from the archdiocesan collection, as well as serving as a garrison church. Most of the exhibitions are related to church art, but some are dedicated to honouring Piarist traditions.